Аксиостратегия как фактор духовно-ценностной модернизации образования

У статті запропоновано визначення поняття «аксіостратегії» як інструментального чинника оновленого розкриття аксіологічного підходу в освіті, здатного стати ефективним методологічним принципом у розв’язанні проблематики формування духовно­ціннісної сфери сучасної особистості. Розкрито методологічне значення аксіостратегії як фактора гуманізації освіти в теоретико­праксеологічному вимірі, як засобу розкриття аксіологічного потенціалу резервів якості освіти та як складової культурології освіти, що забезпечує трансляцію цінностей культури в освітній царині. Зазначено, що у своєму граничному значенні сукупність аксіостратегій має на меті підведення людини до метаморфозису, смислова специфіка якого полягає в досягненні нових, більш досконалих якостей буття особистості. Наведено окремі приклади змістовного представлення та умови реалізації внутрішньоузгоджених аксіостратегій, що мають на меті становлення духовності особистості на засадах традиційних духовних цінностей, пов’язаних з чеснотами самовіддачі, як екстравертної спрямованості на іншого, стійкості у випробуваннях, самоволодіння, миротворчості та здатності до вільного і свідомого «перевиконання» загальноприйнятих у суспільстві норм моралі в позитивному напрямку.In this article is offered determination of concept of «axiostrategy» as instrumental factor of the updated opening of axiological approach in education that is able to become leading methodological principle in decision of forming issues of the spiritually­values sphere of modern personality. We define axiostrategy as a philosophical­educational accompaniment of values’ assimilation as sense­creative personalities’ foundation which guide and motivate human life, assist development of personality’s essence forces, bringing up of necessities, enriching of axiological horizon and forming spiritual bases. The methodological value of axiostrategy is exposed as a factor of humanizing of education in the theoretical­praxeological measuring, as a mean of opening of axiological potential of education quality’s reserves, as a component of education’s culturology that provides the translation of cultural values in educational area. It is noted that the complex of axiostrategies means the bringing of human to metamorphosis the semantic specific of which includes the  achievements of new, more perfect qualities of individual life. Some content examples and conditions of implementation of inwardly agreed axiostrategies are submitted. They are intended to the formation of personality’s spirituality on principles of traditional spiritual values. The first axiostrategy is connected with the values of self­feedback and may be certain as an ability for free and conscious «overfulfilment» of the moral norms generally accepted in society. The second axiostrategy is opened as the extravertal orientation to another personality. The third axiostrategy revives of culture of endurance in hardship is forming of skills of meeting, overcoming and victory over life’s problems and sufferings. Next axiostrategy of self­control actualizes the problems of limitation as a norm and forming self­restraint skills as conditions of full spiritual life. The fifth axiostrategy is the peacekeeping that is understood as a peaceful coexistence with others and the peace with himself. Content implementation of these axiostrategies is a possibility with acquiring individual experience: awareness of their inner spiritual reality and understanding the value of the spiritual world of another person, identifying actual values problems and experience to solve them; overcoming barriers to the movement on the each trajectory; experience that is certifying the changing of human, bringing him to a new life level and constantly demands renewed efforts for its maintenance; participation in socio­cultural and spiritual practice. Prospects of further researches may be directed to the search the new semantic axiostrategies’ content.В статье предложено определение понятия «аксиостратегии» как инструментального компонента обновленного раскрытия аксиологического подхода в образовании, способного стать эффективным методологическим принципом в решении проблематики формирования духовно­ценностной сферы современной личности. Раскрыто методологическое значение аксиостратегии как фактора гуманизации образования в теоретико­праксеологическом измерении, как средства раскрытия аксиологического потенциала резервов качества образования и как составляющей культурологии образования, что обеспечивает трансляцию ценностей культуры в образовательной сфере. Отмечено, что в своем предельном значении совокупность аксиостратегий имеет целью подведение человека к метаморфозису, смысловая специфика которого заключается в достижении новых, более совершенных качеств бытия личности. Приведены отдельные примеры содержательного наполнения и условий реализации, внутренне согласованных аксиостратегий, имеющих целью становление духовности личности на принципах традиционных духовных ценностей, связанных с добродетелями самоотдачи, как экстравертной направленности на другого, стойкости в испытаниях, самообладания, миротворчества и способности к свободному и сознательному «перевыполнению» общепринятых в социуме норм морали в позитивном направлении

Sociological diagnostics of crowdsourcing technology in the practice of regional management

The article proposes a methodology for identifying and analyzing the technology of crowdsourcing, examines the main stages of the formation, and analyzes the implementation of crowdsourcing technology into the practice of regional managemen

Unusual shift in the visible absorption spectrum of an active ctenophore photoprotein elucidated by time‑dependent density functional theory

Active hydromedusan and ctenophore Ca2+-regulated photoproteins form complexes consisting of apoprotein and strongly non-covalently bound 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine (an oxygenated intermediate of coelenterazine). Whereas the absorption maximum of hydromedusan photoproteins is at 460–470 nm, ctenophore photoproteins absorb at 437 nm. Finding out a physical reason for this blue shift is the main objective of this work, and, to achieve it, the whole structure of the protein–substrate complex was optimized using a linear scaling quantum–mechanical method. Electronic excitations pertinent to the spectra of the 2-hydroperoxy adduct of coelenterazine were simulated with time-dependent density functional theory. The dihedral angle of 60° of the 6-(p-hydroxy)-phenyl group relative to the imidazopyrazinone core of 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine molecule was found to be the key factor determining the absorption of ctenophore photoproteins at 437 nm. The residues relevant to binding of the substrate and its adopting the particular rotation were also identified

Successional dynamics of forest ecosystems composition and productivity

© 2014 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved. Forest vegetation of modern landscapes is a complex of successional systems, including communities at different stages of degressively demutational dynamics. Changes affect composition of species, forming forest stand and ground cover. The primary production and stocks of forest ecosystem biomass vary depending on the environmental conditions of the habitat and successional stages. During the research, we have identified three types of succession systems formed under conditions of territorial complexes studied: a succession system of lime-oak nemoral forests in the NTC (natural territorial complex) of high interfluvial plains, succession system of spruceoak- linden nemoral forests in the NTC of high interfluvial plains and succession system of Raifa spruce moos forests in the NTC of indigenous valley slopes. Birch and limetree forests are the most productive

MORPHOGENESIS OF KNEE HYALINE CARTILAGE DURING INTRAARTICULAR INJECTION OF PLATELET-RICH AUTOLOGOUS PLASMA AND/OR HYALURONIC ACID PREPARATION IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL OSTEOARTHRITIS

According to current concepts, the influence of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and high molecular hyaluronates (HA) on the repair of hyaline cartilage during its inflammatory and degenerative changes has been insufficiently studied yet. The objective of the work was to evaluate the morphological changes in the structure of hyaline cartilage in experimental osteoarthritis after intra-articular injection of PRP and/or HA. Material and methods. The authors used 50 adult rats of Wistar line, weighing 250±2,2 g., distributed into five groups of 10 animals (two control and three experimental groups). An experimental gonarthosis was simulated on four groups of animals. Animals of the first experimental group received intra-articular injection of PRP, the second group – HA, the third – both PRP and HA. Results. No morphological signs of degenerative and inflammatory changes in the first control group were identified. Following osteoarthritis simulation the articular cartilage thinned to 121±20,4 microns (p<0,05) and the volume fraction of chondrocyte decreased to 1,2±0,6% (p<0,05). The authors observed an uneven coloration of collagen fibers with severe tinctorial properties disorder of the articular cartilage matrix. After the RPR introduction the authors observed tickening of the articular cartilage up to 275±18,9 micron (p<0,05) and the volume fraction of chondrocytes up to 18,4±2,0% (p<0,05). The contour of the cartilage surface became smoother with the formation of a cell-free zone. Collagen fibers demonstrated a uniform distribution, tinctorial properties of cartilage matrix in all areas were preserved, no signs of inflammation were noted. After HA introduction the authors observed thickening of the cartilage plate up to 264±21,3 microns (p<0,05) and the volume fraction of chondrocytes up to 11,6±1,2% (p<0,05). The surface of the cartilage featured uneven contours due to multiple areas of pulping. Uneven tinctorial properties of cartilage matrix, thickness and orientation of collagen fibres were retained. No signes of inflammation were observed. After the combined consecutive application of PRP and HA cartilage thickness increased up to 268±15,3 microns (p<0,05) and the volume fraction of chondrocytes increased up to 12,7±0,9% (p<0,05). Individual portions of pulping on the cartilage surface were observed. Tinctorial properties of the cartilage matrix were preserved; the focal uneven staining of collagen fibers in the basal zone was observed. No signs of inflammation were noted. Conclusion. During osteoarthritis simulation in knee joints of experimental Wistar line rats the authors observed severe structural changes in articular hyaline cartilage including complete destruction accompanied by vascular proliferation and granulomatous inflammation. Intraarticular injections of PRP, HA as well as PRP in combination with HA during the simulation of osteoarthrosis were accompanied by a decrease in the severity of degenerative and dystrophic processes and improval of tinctorial properties of articular cartilage matrix. Sole application of PRP or consecutive application of PRP followed by HA were observed as having the more significant reparative effect on articular cartilage as compared to HA

СТРУКТУРА УЗЛОВОГО ЗОБА У ДЕТЕЙ

For today the question of early diagnosis of nosological variants, the method of treatment and prevention of nodular goiter in children is still not fully resolved. There is a few available literature data about study of this problem in children. Objective: to study morphofunctional structure of thyroid nodules in children.The article provides information consisting of the results of a retrospective analysis of case histories of 73 patients, operated with nodular goiter in Z.A. Bashlyaeva Children’sCityClinicalHospital(Moscow) from 2003 to May 2015. The examination included an evaluation of the functional status of the pituitary-thyroid system: there were investigated serum thyroxine, triiodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hor-mone, also was performed thyroid scintigraphy 99mТc. In the postoperative period, there was carried out a final verification of the diagnosis according to the results of the histological conclusion. The histologi-cal type of nodal disease was defined by the WHO classification of 2004. It was established that in the structure of a single-node goiter in children prevail nodular colloid goiter with equal frequency in boys and girls, with the same frequency occurs thyroid adenoma, but more often in girls than in boys. The multinodular goiter equally often detected in girls and boys both nodular goiter colloidal with varying degree of proliferation and colloid in combination with follicular thyroid adenoma. "Hot" nodes in the multinodular goiter are more common than in the single-node goiter and more fre-quently in girls than in boys. The half of children with nodular pathology have "hot" nodes and one out of every three – decompensated form of functional autonomy. Decompensated form of functional autonomy of the thyroid gland in children with "hot" nodes detects regardless of the number of nodes. Papillary thyroid cancer occurs not only in patients with a single-node, but with a multinodular goiter. The results allow to draw conclusions about the heterogeneity of the morphological structure as a single-node and multinodular goiter in children, including papillary thyroid cancer. На сегодняшний день вопрос о своевременной диагностике нозологического варианта, о методе лечения и профилактики узлового зоба у детей остается до конца не решенным. Имеющиеся в литературе сведения по данной проблеме малочисленны.Цель исследования – изучить морфофункциональную структуру узлов щитовидной железы (ЩЖ) у детей. В статье приводятся сведения о результатах ретроспективного анализа историй болезни 73 пациентов, оперированных в ГБУЗ «ДГКБ им. З.А. Башляевой ДЗМ» (г. Москва) в период с 2003 по май 2015 г. по поводу узлового зоба. Обследование включало оценку функционального состояния гипофизарно-тиреоидной системы: исследовался сывороточный уровень тироксина, трийодтиронина и тиреотропного гормона, проводилась сцинтиграфия ЩЖ 99mТc. В послеоперационном периоде проводилась окончательная верификация диагноза по результатам гистологического заключения. Гистологический тип узловой патологии определялся по классификации ВОЗ (2004). Установлено, что в структуре одноузлового зоба у детей преобладает узловой коллоидный зоб с одинаковой частой встречаемости у девочек и мальчиков, с такой же частотой встречается аденома ЩЖ, но чаще у девочек. При многоузловом зобе одинаково часто выявляются у девочек и мальчиков как узловой коллоидный зоб в разной степени пролиферации, так и коллоидный в сочетании с фолликулярной аденомой ЩЖ. «Горячие» узлы при многоузловом зобе встречаются чаще, чем при одноузловом, и более часто у девочек, чем у мальчиков. Половина детей с узловой патологией имеет «горячие» узлы, из них каждый третий – декомпенсированную форму функциональной автономии. Декомпенсированная форма функциональной автономии ЩЖ у детей с «горячими» узлами выявляется независимо от количества узлов. Папиллярный рак ЩЖ встречается не только у пациентов с одноузловым, но и многоузловым зобом. Полученные результаты позволяют сделать вывод о гетерогенности морфологической структуры как одноузлового, так и многоузлового зоба у детей, в том числе представленной и папиллярным раком ЩЖ

Molecular alterations in the culture of lung cancer cells H1299 after exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation

Objective To study the copy number of genes-components of signaling cascades involved in DNA repair, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis under the influence of high doses of ionizing radiation.Material and Мethods The study was carried out on a culture of H1299 non-small cell lung cancer cells. Cell lines were cultured in a Binder incubator (Germany) for 24 h (at 37 °C, 5% CO2 ), and then the groups were divided into therapeutic and control. The first one was irradiated with a NovalisTx, Varian linear accelerator at doses from 18 to 24 Gy, the second was not exposed to radiation. During the study, we monitored cell viability and evaluated apoptotic activity, then each sample was amplified in two iterations. During the study, cell viability was monitored, apoptotic activity was assessed, and then each sample was amplified in two replicates. The relative copy number of genetic loci was determined by Real-Time qPCR (RT-qPCR).Results When comparing the relative copy number in the genetic loci of the H1299 non-small cell lung cancer cell culture after exposure to a high dose of ionizing radiation, a statistically significant decrease in the relative copy number of the CASP3 and RBBP8 genes was found, which may indicate a decrease in the potential of caspase-mediated tumor repopulation and an increase in the radiosensitivity of tumor cells.Conclusion Exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation leads to a detrimental effect on tumor cells and allows to overcome one of the mechanisms of radioresistance – tumor cell repopulation

FRACTOGRAPHIC STUDY OF FATIGUE FAILURE OF A HIGH-PRESSURE TURBINE ROTOR BLADE

The paper presents the results of studying the fracture surface of a high-pressure turbine rotor blade with a crack. The crack grew by a fatigue mechanism, with the formation of fan-shaped scars and grooves along the crack front in the fracture. Fatigue crack propagation caused emergency fracture.Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания МИНОБРНАУКИ России (тема «Диагностика», № АААА-А18-118020690196-3)

Фармакоэкономические аспекты лечения COVID-19

The article provides an overview of global trends in various treatment approaches for COVID-19 in terms of pharmacoeconomic effectiveness. Different strategies for managing patients with the new coronavirus infection, separate groups of drugs are considered. The current clinical trials for COVID-19, the main directions, problems and challenges facing the healthcare system are discussed in detail. The aspects of the economic efficiency of various measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 are presented. A thorough study of the pharmacoeconomic features of the new coronavirus infection will allow to develop effective standards for planning the process of supply for medical organizations in the pandemic.В статье предложен обзор мировых тенденций различных лечебных подходов при COVID-19 с точки зрения фармакоэкономической эффективности. Рассматриваются различные стратегии ведения пациентов с новой коронавирусной инфекцией, отдельные группы лекарств. Подробно представлены текущие клинические исследования при COVID-19, основные направления, проблемы и задачи, стоящие перед системой здравоохранения. Обсуждаются аспекты экономической эффективности различных мер профилактики распространения COVID-19. Тщательное изучение фармакоэкономических особенностей новой коронавирусной инфекции позволит разработать эффективные стандарты по планированию процесса обеспечения медицинских организаций в условиях пандемии

EHD2 regulates plasma membrane integrity and downstream insulin receptor signalling events

Adipocyte dysfunction is a crucial driver of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. We identified EH domain-containing protein 2 (EHD2) as one of the most highly upregulated genes at the early stage of adipose tissue expansion. EHD2 is a dynamin-related ATPase influencing several cellular processes, including membrane recycling, caveolae dynamics and lipid metabolism. Here, we investigated the role of EHD2 in adipocyte insulin signalling and glucose transport. Using C57BL6/N EHD2 knockout mice under short-term high-fat diet conditions and 3T3-L1 adipocytes we demonstrate that EHD2 deficiency is associated with deterioration of insulin signal transduction and impaired insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation. Furthermore, we show that lack of EHD2 is linked with altered plasma membrane lipid and protein composition, reduced insulin receptor expression, and diminished insulin-dependent SNARE protein complex formation. In conclusion, these data highlight the importance of EHD2 for the integrity of the plasma membrane milieu, insulin receptor stability, and downstream insulin receptor signalling events, involved in glucose uptake and ultimately underscore its role in insulin resistance and obesity